20735493

not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only

Parallel evolution of cytochrome b mediated bifenazate resistance in the citrus red mite Panonychus citri.

Bifenazate is a recently developed acaricide that is mainly used to control spider mites on a variety of crops. Although first thought to be a neurotoxin, genetic evidence obtained from bifenazate resistant Tetranychus urticae strains suggested an alternative mode of action as a Qo pocket inhibitor of the mitochondrial complex III. In this study, we reveal how bifenazate resistance in strains of Panonychus citri is maternally inherited and can confer cross-resistance to the known Qo inhibitor acequinocyl. The mitochondrial genome of P. citri was sequenced and Qo pocket mutations were shown to be linked with the resistant trait. Parallel evolution of cytochrome b mediated bifenazate resistance corroborates the alternative mode of action and yet again illustrates that care should be taken when employing Qo inhibitors as crop protection compounds.



Ann file

T1	Species 73 88	citrus red mite

N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:50023

T2 Species 89 105 Panonychus citri

N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:50023

T3 Species 316 335 Tetranychus urticae

N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:32264

T4 Species 508 524 Panonychus citri

N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:50023

T5 Species 648 656 P. citri

N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:50023