20962090
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Marek's disease virus type 1 microRNA miR-M3 suppresses cisplatin-induced apoptosis by targeting Smad2 of the transforming growth factor beta signal pathway.
Viruses cause about 15% of the cancers that are still the leading causes of human mortality. The discovery of viral oncogenes has enhanced our understanding of viral oncogenesis. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of virus-induced cancers are complex and require further investigation. The present study has attempted to investigate the effects of the microRNAs (miRNAs) encoded by Marek's disease virus 1 (MDV1), a chicken herpesvirus causing acute T-cell lymphomas and solid visceral tumors in chickens, on anti-cancer drug-induced apoptosis and identify the targets of the miRNAs. The results showed that of the total 14 miRNAs encoded by MDV1, MDV1-miR-M3 significantly promoted cell survival under treatment with cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapy drug. MDV1-miR-M3 suppressed cisplatin-induced apoptosis by directly downregulating expression at the protein but not the mRNA level of Smad2, a critical component in the transforming growth factor Beta signal pathway. Our data suggest that latent/oncogenic viruses may encode miRNAs to directly target cellular factors involved in antiviral processes including apoptosis, thus proactively creating a cellular environment beneficial to viral latency and oncogenesis. Furthermore, the knowledge of the apoptosis resistance conferred by viral miRNAs has great practical implications for improving the efficacy of chemotherapies for treating cancers, especially those induced by oncogenic viruses.
Ann file
T1 Species 0 28 Marek's disease virus type 1
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:10390
T2 Species 236 241 human
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:9606
T3 Species 552 575 Marek's disease virus 1
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:10390
T4 Species 577 581 MDV1
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:10390
T5 Out-of-scope 586 605 chicken herpesvirus
T6 Species 666 674 chickens
N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:9031
T7 Species 812 816 MDV1
N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:10390
T8 Species 818 822 MDV1
N8 Reference T8 Taxonomy:10390
T9 Species 932 936 MDV1
N9 Reference T9 Taxonomy:10390
#3 AnnotatorNotes T9 TODO check
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:10292 Herpesviridae