20974180

not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only

Non-structural protein 1 (NS1) antibody-based assays to differentiate West Nile (WN) virus from Japanese encephalitis virus infections in horses: effects of WN virus NS1 antibodies induced by inactivated WN vaccine.

Antibodies to non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of West Nile virus (WNV) have been used to differentiate WNV infection from infection by serologically cross-reactive flaviviruses, including Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), in horses. However, since the inactivated West Nile (WN) vaccine has been reported to induce NS1 antibodies, there is concern about the reliability of using NS1-based assays for testing vaccinated horses. Therefore, the effect of inactivated WN vaccine-induced antibodies on an epitope-blocking ELISA and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) assay were investigated. Both assays are based on NS1 antibodies and were established previously to differentiate WNV from JEV infections in horses. Groups of three horses were vaccinated with two or three doses of a commercial inactivated WN vaccine and NS1 antibodies were detected by a conventional ELISA after the second vaccination. Vaccine-induced NS1 antibodies were also detected by blocking ELISA and a CDC assay and affected the ability of these assays to differentiate WNV from JEV infections. However, the effect was less significant in the CDC assay, where use of a low serum concentration ensured effective differentiation. The more efficient detection of infection-induced antibodies over vaccine-induced antibodies by the CDC assay was potentially attributable to the different IgG isotype profiles of these antibodies.



Ann file

T1	Species 70 79	West Nile

N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:11082

T2 Species 157 165 WN virus

N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:11082

T3 Species 405 432 Japanese encephalitis virus

N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:11072

T4 Species 493 495 WN

N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:11082

T5 Species 682 684 WN

N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:11082

T6 Species 899 902 WNV

N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:11082

T7 Species 1265 1268 WNV

N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:11082

T8 Species 1274 1277 JEV

N8 Reference T8 Taxonomy:11072

T9 Species 81 83 WN

N9 Reference T9 Taxonomy:11082

T10 Species 266 281 West Nile virus

N10 Reference T10 Taxonomy:11082

T11 Species 283 286 WNV

N11 Reference T11 Taxonomy:11082

T12 Species 482 491 West Nile

N12 Reference T12 Taxonomy:11082

T13 Species 1025 1027 WN

N13 Reference T13 Taxonomy:11082

T14 Species 204 206 WN

N14 Reference T14 Taxonomy:11082

T15 Species 320 323 WNV

N15 Reference T15 Taxonomy:11082

T16 Species 434 437 JEV

N16 Reference T16 Taxonomy:11072

T17 Species 908 911 JEV

N17 Reference T17 Taxonomy:11072

T18 Species 96 123 Japanese encephalitis virus

N18 Reference T18 Taxonomy:11072

#1 AnnotatorNotes T1 TODO check span: virus related

T19 Species 138 144 horses

N19 Reference T19 Taxonomy:9796 Equus caballus

T20 Species 443 449 horses

N20 Reference T20 Taxonomy:9796 Equus caballus

T21 Species 637 643 horses

N21 Reference T21 Taxonomy:9796 Equus caballus

T22 Species 926 932 horses

N22 Reference T22 Taxonomy:9796 Equus caballus

T23 Species 950 956 horses

N23 Reference T23 Taxonomy:9796 Equus caballus