20980519
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells by Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is associated with multiple human malignancies, including Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman's disease. Following primary infection, KSHV typically goes through a brief period of lytic replication prior to the establishment of latency. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the major producers of type 1 interferon (IFN), primarily in response to virus infection. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are key components of the innate immune system, and they serve as pathogen recognition receptors that stimulate the host antiviral response. pDCs express exclusively TLR7 and TLR9, and it is through these TLRs that the type 1 interferon response is activated in pDCs. Currently, it is not known whether KSHV is recognized by pDCs and whether activation of pDCs occurs in response to KSHV infection. We now report evidence that KSHV can infect human pDCs and that pDCs are activated upon KSHV infection, as measured by upregulation of CD83 and CD86 and by IFN-alpha secretion. We further show that induction of IFN-alpha occurs through activation of TLR9 signaling and that a TLR9 inhibitor diminishes the production and secretion of IFN-alpha by KSHV-infected pDCs.
Ann file
T1 Species 46 85 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:37296
T2 Species 89 128 Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:37296
T3 Species 130 134 KSHV
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:37296
T4 Species 164 169 human
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:9606
T5 Species 306 310 KSHV
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:37296
T6 Species 869 873 KSHV
N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:37296
T7 Species 949 953 KSHV
N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:37296
T8 Species 993 997 KSHV
N8 Reference T8 Taxonomy:37296
T9 Species 1009 1014 human
N9 Reference T9 Taxonomy:9606
T10 Species 1053 1057 KSHV
N10 Reference T10 Taxonomy:37296
T11 Species 1312 1316 KSHV
N11 Reference T11 Taxonomy:37296