21131496
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Staphylococcus aureus ClpC divergently regulates capsule via sae and codY in strain newman but activates capsule via codY in strain UAMS-1 and in strain Newman with repaired saeS.
ClpC is an ATPase chaperone found in most Gram-positive low-GC bacteria. It has been recently reported that ClpC affected virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus. Here we report that ClpC regulates transcription of the cap operon and accumulation of capsule, a major virulence factor for S. aureus. As virulence genes are regulated by a complex regulatory network in S. aureus, we have used capsule as a model to understand this regulation. By microarray analyses of strain Newman, we found that ClpC strongly activates transcription of the sae operon, whose products are known to negatively regulate capsule synthesis in this strain. Further studies indicated that ClpC repressed capsule production by activating the sae operon in strain Newman. Interestingly, the clpC gene cloned into a multiple-copy plasmid vector exhibited an activation phenotype, suggesting that ClpC overexpression has a net positive effect. In the absence of sae function, by either deletion or correction of a native mutation within saeS, we found that ClpC had a positive effect on capsule production. Indeed, in the UAMS-1 strain, which does not have the saeS mutation, ClpC functioned as an activator of capsule production. Our microarray analyses of strain Newman also revealed that CodY, a repressor of capsule production, was repressed by ClpC. Using genetic approaches, we showed that CodY functioned downstream of ClpC, leading to capsule activation both in Newman and in UAMS-1. Thus, ClpC functions in two opposite pathways in capsule regulation in strain Newman but functions as a positive activator in strain UAMS-1.
Ann file
T1 Species 0 21 Staphylococcus aureus
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:1280
T2 Species 84 90 newman
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:1280
T3 Species 132 138 UAMS-1
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:1280
T4 Species 153 159 Newman
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:1280
T5 Species 333 354 Staphylococcus aureus
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:1280
T6 Species 481 490 S. aureus
N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:1280
T7 Species 560 569 S. aureus
N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:1280
T8 Species 667 673 Newman
N8 Reference T8 Taxonomy:1280
T9 Species 932 938 Newman
N9 Reference T9 Taxonomy:1280
T10 Species 1288 1294 UAMS-1
N10 Reference T10 Taxonomy:1280
T11 Species 1431 1437 Newman
N11 Reference T11 Taxonomy:1280
T12 Species 1636 1642 Newman
N12 Reference T12 Taxonomy:1280
T13 Species 1650 1656 UAMS-1
N13 Reference T13 Taxonomy:1280
T14 Species 1736 1742 Newman
N14 Reference T14 Taxonomy:1280
T15 Species 1791 1797 UAMS-1
N15 Reference T15 Taxonomy:1280
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