21497133
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Taxonomy and phylogeny of a new kleptoplastidal dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium myriopyrenoides sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyceae), and its cryptophyte symbiont.
A new kleptoplastidal dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium myriopyrenoides sp. nov., was described using light microscopy, electron microscopy and phylogengetic analysis based on partial LSU rDNA sequences. Cells were dorsiventrally flattened, elongate-elliptical in ventral view. There was no displacement of the cingulum encircling the anterior part of the cell. The cingulum was curved posteriorly at the terminal junction with the sulcus. The sulcus was generally narrow but expanded in the posterior end. The epicone possessed an apical groove made of one and one-half counterclockwise revolutions. Phylogenetic analysis based on LSU rDNA showed that the sequence of G. myriopyrenoides was included in the Gymnodiniales sensu stricto clade and had special affinities with the species Amphidinium poecilochroum and Gymnodinium acidotum, which also harbor kleptochloroplasts. Phylogenetic analysis based on plastid-encoded SSU rDNA and ultrastructural observations suggested that the symbionts of G. myriopyrenoides were cryptophytes of the genus Chroomonas or Hemiselmis. Organelles including the nucleus, the nucleomorph, mitochondria, Golgi bodies and large chloroplasts remained in the cytoplasm of the symbionts, but not the periplast, ejectosomes or flagellar apparatus. The symbiotic level of G. myriopyrenoides was estimated to be a relatively early stage in the unarmored kleptoplastidal dinoflagellates.
Ann file
T1 Species 64 91 Gymnodinium myriopyrenoides
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:891400
T2 Species 201 228 Gymnodinium myriopyrenoides
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:891400
T3 Species 826 844 G. myriopyrenoides
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:891400
T4 Species 943 968 Amphidinium poecilochroum
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:891395
T5 Species 973 993 Gymnodinium acidotum
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:891394
T6 Species 1154 1172 G. myriopyrenoides
N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:891400
T7 Species 1457 1475 G. myriopyrenoides
N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:891400