21521145
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi from agricultural and natural ecosystems in Saltillo, Mexico, and their virulence towards thrips and whiteflies.
Entomopathogenic fungi were collected from soil in four adjacent habitats (oak forest, agricultural soil, pine reforestation and chaparral habitat) in Saltillo, Mexico using the insect bait method with Tenebrio molitor (L.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae as bait. Overall, of the larvae exposed to soil, 171 (20%) hosted Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae), 25 (3%) hosted Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) and 1 (0.1%) hosted lsaria (=Paecilomyces) sp. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). B. bassiana was significantly more frequent on larvae exposed to oak forest soil. M. anisopliae was significantly more frequent on larvae exposed to agricultural soil. From the infected bait insects, 93 isolates of B. bassiana and 24 isolates of M. anisopliae were obtained. Strains were tested for their infectivity against Cuban laurel thrips, Gynaikothrips uzeli Zimmerman (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae) and the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). B. bassiana isolates caused the highest mortality on thrips (some causing 88% mortality after 6 days); both fungal species caused similarly high mortality levels against whiteflies (75%) after 6 days. Large amounts of germplasm of entomopathogenic fungi, fundamentally B. bassiana and M. anisopliae, exist in the habitats sampled; pathogenicity varied among strains, and some strains possessed significant virulence. Soils in these habitats are reservoirs of diverse strains with potential for use in biocontrol.
Ann file
T1 Species 354 370 Tenebrio molitor
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:7067
T2 Species 477 495 Beauveria bassiana
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:176275
T3 Species 563 585 Metarhizium anisopliae
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:5530
T4 Species 660 686 lsaria (=Paecilomyces) sp.
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:40383
T5 Species 719 730 B. bassiana
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:176275
T6 Species 801 814 M. anisopliae
N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:5530
T7 Species 1044 1063 Cuban laurel thrips
N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:59752
T8 Species 1135 1154 greenhouse whitefly
N8 Reference T8 Taxonomy:88556
T9 Species 1156 1181 Trialeurodes vaporariorum
N9 Reference T9 Taxonomy:88556
T10 Species 1219 1230 B. bassiana
N10 Reference T10 Taxonomy:176275
T11 Species 1488 1499 B. bassiana
N11 Reference T11 Taxonomy:176275
T12 Species 1504 1517 M. anisopliae
N12 Reference T12 Taxonomy:5530
T13 Species 934 945 B. bassiana
T14 Species 965 978 M. anisopliae
N13 Reference T14 Taxonomy:5530 Metarhizium anisopliae
N14 Reference T13 Taxonomy:176275 Beauveria bassiana
T15 Species 1065 1084 Gynaikothrips uzeli
N15 Reference T15 Taxonomy:1422814 Gynaikothrips uzeli
#1 AnnotatorNotes T4 TODO check