21615578
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Pathways to immunity: temporal dynamics of the bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) immune response against a trypanosomal gut parasite.
Immune response dynamics in insects from natural host-parasite associations are poorly understood, despite accumulating evidence of ecological immune phenomena in these systems. Using a gene discovery approach, we have identified genes relating to signalling, enzymatic processes and respiration that were up-regulated in the bumblebee, Bombus terrestris, during infection with the trypanosomatid parasite, Crithidia bombi. In addition, we have mapped dynamic changes in the temporal expression of these genes and three candidate antimicrobial peptide (AMP) immune genes, Abaecin, Defensin and Hymenoptaecin, from 1 to 24 h after C. bombi infection. We show that dynamic changes in expression occur for individual genes at distinct phases of the immune response to C. bombi that correspond to early, intermediate and late stages of infection.
Ann file
T1 Species 58 75 Bombus terrestris
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:30195
T2 Species 469 486 Bombus terrestris
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:30195
T3 Species 539 554 Crithidia bombi
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:288676
T4 Species 762 770 C. bombi
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:288676
T5 Species 897 905 C. bombi
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:288676