22182612
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Comparative Impact of Artificial Selection for Fungicide Resistance on Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium brunneum.
Hypocreales fungi such as Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium brunneum Petch can be negatively affected by fungicides thereby reducing their biocontrol potential. In a previous study, we demonstrated enhanced fungicide resistance in B. bassiana through artificial selection. However, it is not clear if the enhanced resistance was because of improved germination, vegetative growth, or both. Additionally, the enhanced fungicide resistance has only been demonstrated in B. bassiana, and therefore it is of interest to investigate the potential to enhance resistance in other fungi. Thus, the objectives in this study were to determine the potential to enhance fungicide resistance in M. brunneum through artificial selection, and investigate if selection is based on germination, vegetative growth, or both in B. bassiana and M. brunneum. Selection for resistance to fenbuconazole, and triphenyltin hydroxide was assessed through inhibition evaluations on solid media, and germination and mycelial growth in liquid media. Increased resistance after selection was observed for all fungicide-fungus combinations on solid and or liquid media. Selection resulted in increased resistance to fenbuconazole in both fungi in solid and liquid media; in liquid culture fungicide resistance in B. bassiana was manifested by increased germination and mycelial growth, whereas in M. brunneum fungicide resistance concerned only mycelial growth. Selection for resistance to triphenyltin hydroxide varied in the different media. For B. bassiana, triphenyltin hydroxide resistance was enhanced on solid media but not in liquid, whereas enhanced resistance of M. brunneum was detected in both media. Fungicide sensitivity and selection potential differs based on the medium and fungal species. Selection for fungicide resistance, had negative effects on other beneficial traits when fungicide pressure was removed, for example, some selected populations showed decreased germination or growth, relative to their nonselected control populations. Additionally, reduced virulence to the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), was observed in all fungal populations that were exposed to fungicide resistance regimes. We conclude that it is possible to use genetic selection to enhance fungicide resistance in B. bassiana and M. brunneum, but before use the resulting populations should be screened for inadvertent negative impacts on beneficial traits.
Ann file
T1 Species 71 89 Beauveria bassiana
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:176275
T2 Species 94 114 Metarhizium brunneum
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:500148
T3 Species 144 162 Beauveria bassiana
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:176275
T4 Species 187 207 Metarhizium brunneum
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:500148
T5 Species 370 381 B. bassiana
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:176275
T6 Species 607 618 B. bassiana
N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:176275
T7 Species 821 832 M. brunneum
N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:500148
T8 Species 947 958 B. bassiana
N8 Reference T8 Taxonomy:176275
T9 Species 963 974 M. brunneum
N9 Reference T9 Taxonomy:500148
T10 Species 1420 1431 B. bassiana
N10 Reference T10 Taxonomy:176275
T11 Species 1504 1515 M. brunneum
N11 Reference T11 Taxonomy:500148
T12 Species 1655 1666 B. bassiana
N12 Reference T12 Taxonomy:176275
T13 Species 1780 1791 M. brunneum
N13 Reference T13 Taxonomy:500148
T14 Species 2204 2220 greater wax moth
N14 Reference T14 Taxonomy:7137
T15 Species 2222 2241 Galleria mellonella
N15 Reference T15 Taxonomy:7137
T16 Species 2430 2441 B. bassiana
N16 Reference T16 Taxonomy:176275
T17 Species 2446 2457 M. brunneum
N17 Reference T17 Taxonomy:500148