22182617
not annotated - annotated - LINNAEUS only
Evaluation of tag entanglement as a factor in harmonic radar studies of insect dispersal.
The observation of insects and other small organisms entangled in the habitat after the addition of vertical or trailing electronic tags to their body has generated concerns on the suitability of harmonic radars to track the dispersal of insects. This study compared the walking behavior of adult Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) Chrysomelidae), plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) Curculionidae), and western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (LeConte) Chrysomelidae) with and without vertical and or trailing tags in field plots or arenas. The frequency of the larger Colorado potato beetles crossing bare ground or grassy plots was unaffected by the presence of an 8 cm trailing harmonic radar tag. However, plum curculios and western corn rootworms, were either unable to walk with a 4 cm trailing tag (plum curculio) or displayed a reduced ability to successfully cross a bare ground arena. Our results revealed the significant impact of vegetation on successful insect dispersal, whether tagged or not. The vertical movement of these insects on stems, stalks, and tubes was also unaffected by the presence of vertical tags. Trailing tags had a significant negative effect on the vertical movement of the western corn rootworm. Results show that harmonic radar technology is a suitable method for studying the walking paths of the three insects with appropriate tag type and size. The nuisance factor generated by appropriately sized tags was small relative to that of vegetation.
Ann file
T1 Species 389 411 Colorado potato beetle
N1 Reference T1 Taxonomy:7539
T2 Species 413 438 Leptinotarsa decemlineata
N2 Reference T2 Taxonomy:7539
T3 Species 461 474 plum curculio
N3 Reference T3 Taxonomy:122892
T4 Species 476 498 Conotrachelus nenuphar
N4 Reference T4 Taxonomy:122892
T5 Species 528 549 western corn rootworm
N5 Reference T5 Taxonomy:50389
T6 Species 551 581 Diabrotica virgifera virgifera
N6 Reference T6 Taxonomy:50389
T7 Species 708 731 Colorado potato beetles
N7 Reference T7 Taxonomy:7539
T8 Species 849 863 plum curculios
N8 Reference T8 Taxonomy:122892
T9 Species 868 890 western corn rootworms
N9 Reference T9 Taxonomy:50389
T10 Species 945 958 plum curculio
N10 Reference T10 Taxonomy:122892
T11 Species 1348 1369 western corn rootworm
N11 Reference T11 Taxonomy:50389